Mu nama yahuje abayobozi b’u Burayi na Perezida Volodymyr Zelensky wa Ukraine, Donald Trump yatangaje umugambi w’uko agiye gutangaza iteka rya Perezida (executive order) rigamije guhagarika amatora anyuzwa kuri posita (mail-in voting) ndetse no gukuraho imashini zikoreshwa mu matora muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Ibi yabivuze ari kumwe n’abayobozi b’ibihugu byemera kandi bishyigikira amatora yo kuri posita, nka u Budage n’u Bwongereza. Mu magambo ye, Trump yavuze ko:
“Amatora anyuzwa kuri posita arimo ruswa. Nta demokarasi nyakuri ishoboka hakoreshwa ubwo buryo. Twebwe nk’Ishyaka ry’Abarepubulikani, tuzakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo tubihagarike. Turimo kwandika iteka rizarangiza ubwo buryo burundu.”
Uyu mugambi wa Trump urenze politiki isanzwe. Abasesenguzi bawufata nk’igikorwa cyambika ububasha bukabije ubuyobozi bwa Perezida, kikaba kirimo no gusuzugura Itegeko Nshinga, kuko rihabwa uburenganzira bwo kugena amatora leta n’inteko ishinga amategeko, si perezida.
Kuki Abarepubulikani batemera amatora yo kuri posita?
Iri ni rimwe mu masomo ya politiki y’iki gihe ryigaragaza. Hari impamvu nyinshi zituma Ishyaka ry’Abarepubulikani ridashaka amatora yo kuri posita:
- Abakozi bahembwa ku isaha babona amahirwe yo gutora mu gihe cyabo cy’ikiruhuko, bituma umubare w’abatora wiyongera.
- Abatora babona umwanya wo gushaka amakuru ku bakandida bataratora, bikabafasha gufata ibyemezo bifite ishingiro.
- Bashobora kumenya kare niba amazina yabo yakuwe ku rutonde rw’abemerewe gutora—uburyo Abarepubulikani bagiye bifashisha mu gutambamira bamwe mu batora.
- Amatora yo kuri posita yirinda imirongo miremire n’ubuke bw’amacumbi yo gutoreramo, cyane cyane mu duce turimo amoko atari aya cyera muri Amerika (minorities).
Trump arivugira impamvu nyayo
Trump yigeze kuvuga ati:
“Abademokarate barifuza amatora yo kuri posita kuko gahunda zabo ari mbi. Nitudakuraho ubwo buryo, Abademokarate bazakomeza gutsinda.”
Ibi byagaragaje ko intego atari umutekano w’amatora, ahubwo ari ukwikiza imbogamizi zituma abatavuga rumwe na we batsinda.
Itegeko Nshinga riravogera
Ingingo ya mbere, igika cya kane, cy’itegeko nshinga rya Amerika isobanura neza ko uburyo amatora y’igihugu ategurwamo bugengwa na leta ku giti cyazo cyangwa na Kongere. Perezida nta bubasha afite bwo gutegeka uko amatora akorwa.
Gushaka guhindura iyo gahunda binyuze mu iteka rya perezida, ni uguhonyora amategeko, ndetse bamwe bavuga ko ari igitugu cyambaye ubusa.
Putin yaba ari we ushyigikiye uyu mugambi?
Hari amakuru avuga ko Trump yavuze ibi nyuma yo kugirana ibiganiro na Perezida w’u Burusiya, Vladimir Putin, wamubwiye ko amatora yo kuri posita ari yo yamuteje gutsindwa mu 2020. Kuba Trump afata inama nk’izo nk’ishingiro ryo guhindura uburyo bw’amatora muri Amerika byatumye benshi bibaza niba koko ubusugire bw’igihugu bweretswe agaciro.
Putin azwiho gufunga abanyapolitiki batavuga rumwe na we, kwica abanyamakuru, no gukoresha amatora y’ibinyoma. Kubona ibitekerezo nk’ibi bikoreshwa n’umuyobozi wahoze ayobora Amerika birakanganye.
Ese koko amatora yo kuri posita arimo ikibazo?
Amatora yo kuri posita akorwa n’abaturage benshi mu bice bitandukanye: abasirikare bari hanze y’igihugu, abageze mu zabukuru, abantu bafite ubumuga, ababyeyi b’abana bato, n’abaturage bo mu byaro. Uburyo bwakoreshwa imyaka irenga 20 mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, harimo leta ya Oregon, kandi nta na rimwe byagaragayeho uburiganya.
Aho kubukuraho, inzego z’amatora zagombye kunoza uburyo bukoreshwa, hagakoreshwa ikoranabuhanga rifunguye, rigakoreshwa mu mucyo kandi rigakurikiranywa.
Ese turi kureba iherezo rya demokarasi?
Impungenge ni uko Trump n’ishyaka rye bashaka kugabanya umubare w’abatora kugira ngo bakomeze gutsinda amatora, aho gushyira imbere ubwisanzure bw’abaturage bose. Benshi baribaza niba ibi bitari kuba intangiriro yo gutsikamiza demokarasi, aho uburenganzira bwo gutora buvanwaho gahoro gahoro, hakoreshejwe amategeko n’imyanzuro ifite akabaraga k’igitugu.
