Edema ni ikibazo cy’ubuzima kirangwa no kubyimba kw’igice kimwe cyangwa byinshi by’umubiri bitewe n’uko amazi menshi yegeranyije mu nyama z’umubiri. Iyi ndwara cyangwa iki kimenyetso gikunze kugaragara ku birenge, amaguru, amaboko, mu maso ndetse no ku bindi bice by’umubiri. Nubwo rimwe na rimwe ishobora kuba yoroshye, edema ishobora no kuba ikimenyetso cy’indwara zikomeye zisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse.
Mu mubiri w’umuntu usanzwe, amazi agenda mu buryo buringaniye hagati y’imitsi n’inyama z’umubiri. Iyo habaye ikibazo gituma ayo mazi atabasha gusubira neza mu maraso cyangwa akiyongera mu nyama z’umubiri, habaho kubyimba kwitwa edema. Umuntu uyifite ashobora kubona ibirenge cyangwa amaguru abyimbye, inkweto zikamubana cyangwa impeta zikamunanira kuyambara.
Impamvu zitera edema ni nyinshi kandi zitandukanye. Mu zikunze kugaragara harimo indwara z’umutima zituma amaraso atembera nabi, indwara z’impyiko zituma umubiri unanirwa gusohora amazi arenze urugero, ndetse n’indwara z’umwijima. Edema ishobora kandi guterwa no gutwita, imirire mibi cyane cyane ibura rya poroteyine, kumara igihe kirekire umuntu yicaye cyangwa ahagaze, ndetse no gufata imiti imwe n’imwe.
Ibimenyetso bya edema bigaragarira cyane cyane mu kubyimba kw’igice runaka cy’umubiri. Uruhu rushobora gusigara rwacitsemo akobo iyo rukanzweho n’urutoki, bikaba bizwi nka pitingi edema(pitting edema). Umuntu ashobora kandi kumva amaguru aremereye, kugira ububabare cyangwa kutoroherwa mu gice cyabyimbye, ndetse rimwe na rimwe akiyongera ibiro mu gihe gito kubera amazi yiyongereye mu mubiri.
Kugira ngo edema ivurwe neza, ni ngombwa kubanza kumenya icyayiteye. Abaganga n’abaforomo bakora isuzuma ry’umurwayi, bakareba aho kubyimba biri n’uburyo bimeze, ndetse bagakoresha ibizamini bitandukanye by’amaraso, inkari cyangwa ibindi bikoresho by’ubuvuzi. Iyo impamvu yamenyekanye, bahitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo kuyivura.
Kwirinda edema bisaba kugira imibereho myiza. Kurya indyo yuzuye, kugabanya umunyu mwinshi, kunywa amazi ahagije, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no kwirinda kumara igihe kirekire wicaye cyangwa uhagaze ni bimwe mu bifasha kugabanya ibyago byo kuyirwara. Ku bantu bafite indwara z’umutima, impyiko cyangwa umwijima, gukurikiza neza amabwiriza ya muganga ni ingenzi cyane.
Mu gusoza, edema ni ikibazo kidakwiye kwirengagizwa kuko gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’indwara zikomeye. Kumenya ibiyitera, ibimenyetso byayo n’uburyo bwo kuyirinda bifasha buri wese gufata ingamba zo kurinda ubuzima bwe. Iyo umuntu abonye kubyimba kudasanzwe ku mubiri, ni byiza kwihutira kugana ivuriro kugira ngo ahabwe ubufasha bukwiye hakiri kare.
